City Ecology 도시 생태학

'Two sorts of ecosystems – one created by nature, the other by human beings – have fundamental principles in common. For instance, both types of ecosystems – assuming they are not barren – require much diversity to sustain them. In both cases, the diversity develops organically over time, and the varied components are interdependent in complex ways. The more niches for diversity of life and livelihoods in either kind of ecosystem, the greater its carrying capacity for life. In both types of ecosystems, many small and obscure components - easily overlooked by superficial observation – can be vital to the whole, far out of proportion to their own tininess of scale or aggregate quantities. In natural ecosystems, gene pools are fundamental treasures; furthermore, forms of work not only reproduce themselves in newly created proliferating organisations, they also hybridize, and even mutate into unprecedented kinds of work. And because of their complex interdependencies of components, both kinds of ecosystems are vulnerable and fragile, easily disrupted or destroyed.'

Jane Jacobs, The Death and Life of Great American Cities